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µÚÒ»½Ú¡¡¼¸¸ö³£ÓÃÍøÂçÏà¹ØÃüÁîPingÃüÁî¾­³£ÓÃÀ´¶ÔTCP/IPÍøÂç½øÐÐÕï¶Ï¡£Í¨¹ýÄ¿±ê¼ÆËã»ú·¢ËÍÒ»¸öÊý¾Ý°ü£¬
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1.PingÃüÁîµÄ»ù±¾¸ñʽ£º


ping hostname
¡¡¡¡ÆäÖÐhostnameÊÇÄ¿±ê¼ÆËã»úµÄµØÖ·¡£Ping»¹ÓÐÐí¶à¸ß¼¶Ê¹Óã¬ÏÂÃæ¾ÍÊÇÒ»¸öÀý×Ó¡£
C:> ping -f hostname
¡¡¡¡ÕâÌõÃüÁî¸øÄ¿±ê»úÆ÷·¢ËÍ´óÁ¿µÄÊý¾Ý£¬´Ó¶øʹĿ±ê¼ÆËã»úæÓÚ»ØÓ¦¡£ÔÚWindows 95µÄ¼ÆËã»úÉÏ£¬Ê¹
ÓÃÏÂÃæµÄ·½·¨£º


c:windowsping -l 65510 saddam_hussein¡®s.computer.mil


ÕâÑù×öÁËÖ®ºó£¬Ä¿±ê¼ÆËã»úÓпÉÄÜ»á¹ÒÆðÀ´£¬»ò´ÓÐÂÆô¶¯¡£ÓÉÓÚ -l 65510 ²úÉúÒ»¸ö¾Þ´óµÄÊý¾Ý°ü¡£ÓÉÓÚ
ÒªÇó·µ»ØÒ»¸öͬÑùµÄÊý¾Ý°ü£¬»áʹĿ±ê¼ÆËã»ú·´Ó¦²»¹ýÀ´¡£
2.TracertÃüÁîÓÃÀ´¸ú×ÙÒ»¸öÏûÏ¢´Óһ̨¼ÆËã»úµ½Áíһ̨¼ÆËã»úËù×ߵķ¾¶£¬±È·½Ëµ´ÓÄãµÄ¼ÆËã»ú×ß
µ½Õã½­ÐÅÏ¢³¬ÊС£ÔÚDOS´°¿ÚÏ£¬ÃüÁîÈçÏ£º


C:WINDOWS>tracert 202.96.102.4
Tracing route to 202.96.102.4 over a maximum of 30 hops
1 84 ms 82 ms 95 ms 202.96.101.57
2 100 ms 100 ms 95 ms 0fa1.1-rtr1-a-hz1.zj.CN.NET [202.96.101.33]
3 95 ms 90 ms 100 ms 202.101.165.1
4 90 ms 90 ms 90 ms 202.107.197.98
5 95 ms 90 ms 99 ms 202.96.102.4
6 90 ms 95 ms 100 ms 202.96.102.4
Trace complete.
¡¡¡¡ÉÏÃæµÄÕâЩÊä³ö´ú±íʲôÒâ˼£¿×ó±ßµÄÊý×ÖÊǸ÷ÓÉͨ¹ýµÄ¼ÆËã»úÊýÄ¿¡£"150 ms"ÊÇÖ¸ÏòÄÇ̨¼ÆËã»ú
·¢ËÍÏûÏ¢µÄÍù·µÊ±¼ä£¬µ¥Î»ÊÇ΢Ãë¡£ÓÉÓÚÿÌõÏûϢÿ´ÎµÄÀ´»ØµÄʱ¼ä²»Ò»Ñù£¬tracert½«ÏÔʾÀ´»Øʱ¼äÈý´Î¡£
"*"±íʾÀ´»Øʱ¼äÌ«³¤£¬tracert½«Õâ¸öʱ¼ä"ÍüµôÁË"¡£ÔÚʱ¼äÐÅÏ¢µ½À´ºó£¬¼ÆËã»úµÄÃû×ÖÐÅÏ¢Ò²µ½ÁË¡£¿ªÊ¼ÊÇ
Ò»ÖÖ±ãÓÚÈËÃÇÔĶÁµÄ¸ñʽ£¬ ½Ó×ÅÊÇÊý×Ö¸ñʽ¡£


C:WINDOWS>tracert 152.163.199.56
Tracing route to dns-aol.ANS.NET [198.83.210.28]over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 124 ms 106 ms 105 ms 202.96.101.57
2 95 ms 95 ms 90 ms 0fa1.1-rtr1-a-hz1.zj.CN.NET [202.96.101.33]
3 100 ms 90 ms 100 ms 202.101.165.1
4 90 ms 95 ms 95 ms 202.97.18.241
5 105 ms 105 ms 100 ms 202.97.18.93
6 100 ms 99 ms 100 ms 202.97.10.37
7 135 ms 98 ms 100 ms 202.97.9.78
8 760 ms 725 ms 768 ms gip-ftworth-4-serial8-3.gip.net [204.59.178.53]
9 730 ms 750 ms 715 ms gip-ftworth-4-serial8-3.gip.net [204.59.178.53]
10 750 ms 785 ms 772 ms 144.232.11.9
11 740 ms 800 ms 735 ms sl-bb11-pen-2-0.sprintlink.NET [144.232.8.158]
12 790 ms 800 ms 735 ms sl-nap2-pen-4-0-0.sprintlink.net [144.232.5.66]
13 770 ms 800 ms 800 ms p219.t3.ans.net [192.157.69.13]
14 775 ms 820 ms 780 ms h14-1.t60-6.Reston.t3.ANS.NET [140.223.17.18]
15 780 ms 800 ms 800 ms h11-1.t60-2.Reston.t3.ANS.NET [140.223.25.34]
16 790 ms 795 ms 800 ms h14-1.t104-0.Atlanta.t3.ANS.NET [140.223.65.18]
17 * h14-1.t104-0.Atlanta.t3.ANS.NET [140.223.65.18] reports: Destination host unreachable.
Trace complete.
3.rusersºÍfinger
¡¡¡¡ÕâÁ½¸ö¶¼ÊÇUnixÃüÁͨ¹ýÕâÁ½¸öÃüÁÄãÄÜÊÕ¼¯µ½Ä¿±ê¼ÆËã»úÉϵÄÓйØÓû§µÄÏûÏ¢¡£
ʹÓÃrusersÃüÁ²úÉúµÄ½á¹ûÈçÏÂʾÒ⣺
gajake snark.wizard.com:ttyp1 Nov 13 15:42 7:30 (remote)
root snark.wizard.com:ttyp2 Nov 13 14:57 7:21 (remote)
robo snark.wizard.com:ttyp3 Nov 15 01:04 01 (remote)
angel111 snark.wizard.com:ttyp4 Nov14 23:09 (remote)
pippen snark.wizard.com:ttyp6 Nov 14 15:05 (remote)
root snark.wizard.com:ttyp5 Nov 13 16:03 7:52 (remote)
gajake snark.wizard.com:ttyp7 Nov 14 20:20 2:59 (remote)
dafr snark.wizard.com:ttyp15Nov 3 20:09 4:55 (remote)
dafr snark.wizard.com:ttyp1 Nov 14 06:12 19:12 (remote)
dafr snark.wizard.com:ttyp19Nov 14 06:12 19:02 (remote)
¡¡¡¡×î×ó±ßµÄÊÇͨ¹ýÔ¶³ÌµÇ¼µÄÓû§Ãû¡£»¹°üÀ¨ÉϴεǼʱ¼ä£¬Ê¹ÓõÄSHELLÀàÐ͵ȵÈÐÅÏ¢¡£
¡¡¡¡Ê¹ÓÃfinger¿ÉÒÔ²úÉúÀàËÆÏÂÃæµÄ½á¹û£º
user S00 PPP ppp-122-pm1.wiza Thu Nov 14 21:29:30 - still logged in
user S15 PPP ppp-119-pm1.wiza Thu Nov 14 22:16:35 - still logged in
user S04 PPP ppp-121-pm1.wiza Fri Nov 15 00:03:22 - still logged in
user S03 PPP ppp-112-pm1.wiza Thu Nov 14 22:20:23 - still logged in
user S26 PPP ppp-124-pm1.wiza Fri Nov 15 01:26:49 - still logged in
user S25 PPP ppp-102-pm1.wiza Thu Nov 14 23:18:00 - still logged in
user S17 PPP ppp-115-pm1.wiza Thu Nov 14 07:45:00 - still logged in
user S-1 0.0.0.0 Sat Aug 10 15:50:03 - still logged in
user S23 PPP ppp-103-pm1.wiza Fri Nov 15 00:13:53 - still logged in
user S12 PPP ppp-111-pm1.wiza Wed Nov 13 16:58:12 - still logged in
¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÃüÁîÄÜÏÔʾÓû§µÄ״̬¡£¸*************************üÁîÊǽ¨Á¢ÔÚ¿Í»§/·þÎñÄ£ÐÍÖ®Éϵġ£Óû§Í¨¹ý¿Í»§¶ËÈí¼þÏò·þÎñÆ÷Çë
ÇóÐÅÏ¢£¬È»ºó½âÊÍÕâЩÐÅÏ¢£¬Ìṩ¸øÓû§¡£ÔÚ·þÎñÆ÷ÉÏÒ»°ãÔËÐÐÒ»¸ö½Ð×öfingerdµÄ³ÌÐò£¬¸ù¾Ý·þÎñÆ÷µÄ»úÆ÷µÄ
ÅäÖã¬ÄÜÏò¿Í»§ÌṩijЩÐÅÏ¢¡£Èç¹û¿¼Âǵ½±£»¤ÕâЩ¸öÈËÐÅÏ¢µÄ»°£¬ÓпÉÄÜÐí¶à·þÎñÆ÷²»ÌṩÕâ¸ö·þÎñ£¬»òÕß
Ö»ÌṩһЩÎ޹صÄÐÅÏ¢¡£


4.hostÃüÁî


¡¡¡¡hostÊÇÒ»¸öUnixÃüÁËüµÄ¹¦Äܺͱê×¼µÄnslookup²éѯһÑù¡£Î¨Ò»µÄÇø±ðÊÇhostÃüÁî±È½ÏÈÝÒ×Àí½â¡£
hostÃüÁîµÄΣÏÕÐÔÏ൱´ó£¬ÏÂÃæ¾Ù¸öʹÓÃʵÀý£¬ÑÝʾһ´Î¶Ôbu.eduµÄhost²éѯ¡£


host -l -v -t any bu.edu


¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÃüÁîµÄÖ´Ðнá¹ûËùµÃµ½µÄÐÅϢʮ·Ö¶à£¬°üÀ¨²Ù×÷ϵͳ£¬»úÆ÷ºÍÍøÂçµÄºÜ¶àÊý¾Ý¡£ÏÈ¿´Ò»Ï»ù±¾ÐÅÏ¢£º


Found 1 addresses for BU.EDU
Found 1 addresses for RS0.INTERNIC.NET
Found 1 addresses for SOFTWARE.BU.EDU
Found 5 addresses for RS.INTERNIC.NET
Found 1 addresses for NSEGC.BU.EDU
Trying 128.197.27.7
bu.edu 86400 IN SOA BU.EDU HOSTMASTER.BU.EDU(
961112121 ;serial (version)
900 ;refresh period
900 ;retry refresh this often
604800 ;expiration period
86400 ;minimum TTL
)
bu.edu 86400 IN NS SOFTWARE.BU.EDU
bu.edu 86400 IN NS RS.INTERNIC.NET
bu.edu 86400 IN NS NSEGC.BU.EDU
bu.edu 86400 IN A 128.197.27.7


¡¡¡¡ÕâЩ±¾Éí²¢Ã»ÓÐΣÏÕ£¬Ö»ÊÇһЩ»úÆ÷ºÍËüÃǵÄDNS·þÎñÆ÷¡£ÕâЩÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÒÔÓÃWHOIS»òÔÚ×¢²áÓòÃûµÄÕ¾µãÖÐ
¼ìË÷µ½¡£µ«¿´¿´ÏÂÃ漸ÐÐÐÅÏ¢£º


bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO SUN-SPARCSTATION-10/41 UNIX
PPP-77-25.bu.edu 86400 IN A 128.197.7.237
PPP-77-25.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO PPP-HOST PPP-SW
PPP-77-26.bu.edu 86400 IN A 128.197.7.238
PPP-77-26.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO PPP-HOST PPP-SW
ODIE.bu.edu 86400 IN A 128.197.10.52
ODIE.bu.edu 86400 IN MX 10 CS.BU.EDU
ODIE.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO DEC-ALPHA-3000/300LX OSF1
´ÓÕâÀÎÒÃÇÂíÉϾͷ¢ÏÖһ̨EDC AlphaÔËÐеÄÊÇOSF1²Ù×÷ϵͳ¡£ÔÚ¿´¿´£º
STRAUSS.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO PC-PENTIUM DOS/WINDOWS
BURULLUS.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO SUN-3/50 UNIX (Ouch)
GEORGETOWN.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO MACINTOSH MAC-OS
CHEEZWIZ.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO SGI-INDIGO-2 UNIX
POLLUX.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO SUN-4/20-SPARCSTATION-SLC UNIX
SFA109-PC201.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO PC MS-DOS/WINDOWS
UH-PC002-CT.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO PC-CLONE MS-DOS
SOFTWARE.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO SUN-SPARCSTATION-10/30 UNIX
CABMAC.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO MACINTOSH MAC-OS
VIDUAL.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO SGI-INDY IRIX
KIOSK-GB.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO GATORBOX GATORWARE
CLARINET.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO VISUAL-X-19-TURBO X-SERVER
DUNCAN.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO DEC-ALPHA-3000/400 OSF1
MILHOUSE.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO VAXSTATION-II/GPX UNIX
PSY81-PC150.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO PC WINDOWS-95
BUPHYC.bu.edu 86400 IN HINFO VAX-4000/300 OpenVMS
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